Caring for an aging dog: What changes to expect
My dog Louie turned eight this past June. He’s a happy-go-lucky pup that enjoys long walks and tracking down frisbees at the dog park. As he has aged, there have been subtle changes in his needs and physical capabilities. He moves a bit slower, his stamina is not where it was when he was a young pup, and he’s moved to a special diet as his metabolism has slowed. As he has aged, we’ve adapted our routine to ensure he gets the physical and mental stimulation he needs daily, and the support he needs to live a good life.
Changes like these are common. As dogs get older, their needs change—sometimes subtly, sometimes significantly. Just like humans, senior dogs slow down, face new health challenges, and benefit from extra support and patience. Understanding what to expect as your dog gets older can help you adjust their care and ensure they continue to live a happy, healthy life.
🐶 When Is a Dog Considered a Senior?
The answer depends on breed and size. We explore the age of dogs here, but here is a general overview:
Small breeds (under 20 lbs): Senior around age 8–10
Medium breeds (20–50 lbs): Senior around age 7–9
Large and giant breeds (over 50 lbs): Senior as early as age 6
Watch for physical and behavioral cues rather than relying on age alone.
🔄 Common Changes in Senior Dogs
1. Slower Mobility
Older dogs may develop arthritis, joint stiffness, or reduced muscle tone. You might notice:
Hesitation to jump or climb stairs
Slower walks or reluctance to exercise
Limping or stiffness after resting
Tip: Provide orthopedic bedding, add ramps or rugs for traction, and talk to your vet about joint supplements or medications.
2. Changes in Appetite and Weight
Senior dogs can gain or lose weight depending on their activity level and health. Dental problems, reduced metabolism, or chronic conditions like kidney disease can impact appetite.
What to do:
Monitor your dog’s weight monthly
Switch to a senior-formulated dog food
Have your vet check their teeth regularly
3. Vision and Hearing Loss
It's common for older dogs to lose some vision or hearing. Signs include:
Bumping into things
Startling easily
Not responding to commands or their name
Help them adjust by keeping furniture in place, using hand signals, and avoiding sudden touches.
4. Increased Sleep and Decreased Energy
Senior dogs sleep more—sometimes up to 16–18 hours a day. While this is normal, a sharp decline in energy could signal an underlying health issue.
Keep them mentally stimulated with puzzles and toys, even if their physical activity decreases.
5. Cognitive Changes (Doggy Dementia)
Cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) is like Alzheimer’s in dogs. Signs include:
Confusion or disorientation
Barking at night
Pacing or staring at walls
Forgetting housetraining
While it’s not curable, early intervention and medications can help manage symptoms.
6. Bathroom Accidents
Incontinence or forgetting housetraining is common in older dogs, especially if they have cognitive decline or bladder issues.
Keep cleanup products on hand, provide more frequent potty breaks, and talk to your vet if accidents become frequent.
🩺 Veterinary Care for Senior Dogs
Regular checkups become more important as your dog ages. Most vets recommend:
Wellness exams every 6 months
Annual bloodwork to catch hidden issues
Dental cleanings to prevent tooth and gum disease
Monitoring for lumps, tumors, or unusual behaviors
Early detection can significantly improve outcomes.
💛 Emotional Needs of Aging Dogs
Older dogs may become more attached—or more anxious—than they were before. Provide:
A calm, predictable routine
Gentle affection and companionship
A quiet, cozy place to rest
Remember, your senior dog still needs mental stimulation and social interaction, even if they're less active.
Final Thoughts
Watching your dog grow older is bittersweet—but caring for them during this stage of life can be incredibly rewarding. With small adjustments and plenty of love, you can help your aging dog stay comfortable, secure, and happy well into their golden years.